使用FastICA的盲源分离¶
一个从噪声数据中估计源的例子。
Independent component analysis (ICA) 用于估计给定噪声测量的源。想象一下,3台乐器同时演奏,3部麦克风记录混合信号。ICA用于恢复源,即每种乐器所演奏的到底是什么。重要的是,PCA无法恢复我们的 instruments
,因为相关信号反映了非高斯过程。
print(__doc__)
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from scipy import signal
from sklearn.decomposition import FastICA, PCA
# #############################################################################
# Generate sample data
np.random.seed(0)
n_samples = 2000
time = np.linspace(0, 8, n_samples)
s1 = np.sin(2 * time) # Signal 1 : sinusoidal signal
s2 = np.sign(np.sin(3 * time)) # Signal 2 : square signal
s3 = signal.sawtooth(2 * np.pi * time) # Signal 3: saw tooth signal
S = np.c_[s1, s2, s3]
S += 0.2 * np.random.normal(size=S.shape) # Add noise
S /= S.std(axis=0) # Standardize data
# Mix data
A = np.array([[1, 1, 1], [0.5, 2, 1.0], [1.5, 1.0, 2.0]]) # Mixing matrix
X = np.dot(S, A.T) # Generate observations
# Compute ICA
ica = FastICA(n_components=3)
S_ = ica.fit_transform(X) # Reconstruct signals
A_ = ica.mixing_ # Get estimated mixing matrix
# We can `prove` that the ICA model applies by reverting the unmixing.
assert np.allclose(X, np.dot(S_, A_.T) + ica.mean_)
# For comparison, compute PCA
pca = PCA(n_components=3)
H = pca.fit_transform(X) # Reconstruct signals based on orthogonal components
# #############################################################################
# Plot results
plt.figure()
models = [X, S, S_, H]
names = ['Observations (mixed signal)',
'True Sources',
'ICA recovered signals',
'PCA recovered signals']
colors = ['red', 'steelblue', 'orange']
for ii, (model, name) in enumerate(zip(models, names), 1):
plt.subplot(4, 1, ii)
plt.title(name)
for sig, color in zip(model.T, colors):
plt.plot(sig, color=color)
plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()
脚本的总运行时间:(0分0.322秒)
Download Python source code:plot_ica_blind_source_separation.py
Download Jupyter notebook:plot_ica_blind_source_separation.ipynb